1 00:00:00,660 --> 00:00:05,340 For this grammar refresh, we'll be looking at the present perfect tense. 2 00:00:06,440 --> 00:00:13,620 Now, the present perfect tense is used to describe an event that started in the past, right. 3 00:00:14,210 --> 00:00:16,360 And it has some connection. 4 00:00:17,210 --> 00:00:24,230 The president still OK, but this is different than the continuous version, the continuous version 5 00:00:24,830 --> 00:00:32,390 we're talking about the entire duration, the entire from the past, all the way now, that whole time 6 00:00:32,390 --> 00:00:32,660 frame. 7 00:00:33,260 --> 00:00:38,300 But the present perfect tense, just without the continuous part is just the. 8 00:00:39,450 --> 00:00:44,610 Action happening or not happening from the past until now. 9 00:00:45,660 --> 00:00:46,020 So. 10 00:00:46,990 --> 00:00:52,310 Slight difference, continuous is always about the whole duration of the action. 11 00:00:52,720 --> 00:00:56,700 Well, the non-contiguous is just about the action itself. 12 00:00:57,710 --> 00:00:59,290 Did it happen or did not happen? 13 00:01:00,380 --> 00:01:02,240 Let's look at our examples to make this clear. 14 00:01:03,470 --> 00:01:06,620 The first thing you should notice is how do you make this present perfect? 15 00:01:07,220 --> 00:01:09,410 Well, hopefully I did this before. 16 00:01:10,570 --> 00:01:15,040 So just a quick reminder, it's going to be the verb. 17 00:01:16,010 --> 00:01:17,440 You have the. 18 00:01:18,480 --> 00:01:24,240 So you can have have or has, right, and then. 19 00:01:25,200 --> 00:01:27,720 The past participle. 20 00:01:28,600 --> 00:01:35,610 Of your main verb, so on our example, our first one, it says, I haven't bought any presents yet. 21 00:01:37,030 --> 00:01:39,280 Haven't bought any presents yet. 22 00:01:39,730 --> 00:01:42,750 I need to do it this weekend here. 23 00:01:42,880 --> 00:01:47,050 I haven't, but that is in the present perfect tense. 24 00:01:48,460 --> 00:01:49,000 This means. 25 00:01:50,260 --> 00:01:52,780 At some point in the past, they never did it and. 26 00:01:53,810 --> 00:01:58,090 They still haven't done it right, which I haven't bought any presents yet. 27 00:01:59,630 --> 00:02:06,560 Now you can see it's a negative, so it's have not but right and we can use a contraction to make it 28 00:02:06,560 --> 00:02:07,070 hasn't. 29 00:02:07,340 --> 00:02:13,070 But and but is the past participle of the word to buy? 30 00:02:15,490 --> 00:02:22,320 In the second example, we have, have you ever spent Thanksgiving with your husband's family? 31 00:02:23,760 --> 00:02:27,150 Have you ever spent Thanksgiving with your husband's family? 32 00:02:27,870 --> 00:02:29,190 No, I haven't. 33 00:02:29,910 --> 00:02:36,900 They live so far away, so it's difficult to take days off that time of the year and go visit them. 34 00:02:38,340 --> 00:02:45,180 So, again, here we have the present perfect tense in a question for so have you ever spent. 35 00:02:46,140 --> 00:02:50,550 So here we're separating have and spent with our subject in the middle. 36 00:02:50,700 --> 00:02:53,520 You this or have you ever spent. 37 00:02:54,970 --> 00:03:01,360 And ever is just an extra word pick up, give some emphasis that you could just say have you spent? 38 00:03:01,510 --> 00:03:06,690 But here we're saying, have you ever spent Thanksgiving with your husband's family? 39 00:03:07,660 --> 00:03:08,430 And then we have. 40 00:03:08,830 --> 00:03:10,030 No, I haven't. 41 00:03:10,180 --> 00:03:11,580 And we have the negative form. 42 00:03:12,040 --> 00:03:12,820 I have not. 43 00:03:13,780 --> 00:03:15,650 And you can see here in this last part. 44 00:03:15,670 --> 00:03:16,540 No, I haven't. 45 00:03:17,510 --> 00:03:23,430 We don't have the main as afterwards, right? 46 00:03:23,500 --> 00:03:28,490 That's because it's implied in the question, but you don't have to say it again. 47 00:03:30,230 --> 00:03:32,750 So have you ever spent Thanksgiving with your husband's family? 48 00:03:33,110 --> 00:03:34,350 No, I haven't. 49 00:03:34,820 --> 00:03:38,880 Which implies, no, I haven't spent Thanksgiving at. 50 00:03:40,060 --> 00:03:44,860 In this Granma refresh, we'll be looking at the present perfect continuous tense. 51 00:03:45,280 --> 00:03:51,160 So here now we're looking at the continuous form of this present perfect tense. 52 00:03:52,120 --> 00:03:59,710 And remember, with continuous forms, we're talking about the duration of the action, not just the 53 00:03:59,710 --> 00:04:00,580 action itself. 54 00:04:01,330 --> 00:04:08,170 And with the present perfect, continuous something that started in the past and is connected all the 55 00:04:08,170 --> 00:04:09,760 way into the present. 56 00:04:10,860 --> 00:04:13,200 So let's look at our examples. 57 00:04:14,220 --> 00:04:21,020 I've been trying to cook the perfect Thanksgiving dinner, but everything is against me this year so 58 00:04:21,030 --> 00:04:27,210 you can see that our present perfect continuous tense is going to be that I've been trying. 59 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:31,470 So how do we form this present perfect tense? 60 00:04:31,500 --> 00:04:37,050 Well, it's going to be a form of the verb to have to have or has. 61 00:04:38,160 --> 00:04:47,220 Followed by the past participle of to be, which has been and then the present participle of your main 62 00:04:47,220 --> 00:04:50,120 verb, which means you add the ISG to. 63 00:04:51,080 --> 00:04:55,720 So I've been trying since I have been trying to. 64 00:04:56,620 --> 00:05:02,410 So I've been trying to cook the perfect Thanksgiving dinner, so this means that at some point in the 65 00:05:02,410 --> 00:05:10,510 past they started to try it and they've been continuing trying it all the way up until the point they're 66 00:05:10,510 --> 00:05:11,260 talking about. 67 00:05:12,550 --> 00:05:16,020 And this time frame is a whole year, right? 68 00:05:16,070 --> 00:05:16,570 They say. 69 00:05:16,840 --> 00:05:19,120 But everything is against me this year. 70 00:05:20,420 --> 00:05:23,450 Remember, continuous, we're talking about the entire duration. 71 00:05:24,800 --> 00:05:31,700 The second example, we've been living here for five years, but we haven't hosted any dinner parties 72 00:05:31,700 --> 00:05:31,900 yet. 73 00:05:33,620 --> 00:05:35,330 We've been living here. 74 00:05:36,510 --> 00:05:43,590 We have been living here, so at some point in the past, they started living there and they continued 75 00:05:43,590 --> 00:05:48,720 living there all the way up till now for that whole five year duration.